
Manipulating memory at the assembly level is where software stops being abstract and becomes physical — registers, stacks, heaps, and raw bytes. For those who work there, it’s intoxicating: you can watch high-level behavior collapse into a handful of instructions, discover why a crash happens, or understand exactly how a program enforces (or fails…

1. Understanding BLE and Its Security Exposure Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become the foundation for modern wireless communication between IoT devices, wearables, and mobile applications. Its low power consumption and fast connection establishment make it ideal for health sensors, smart locks, and tracking devices.However, this convenience introduces a hidden risk: BLE communications often…