pqc

In the modern digital landscape, trust is a liability. Every time users share sensitive data to “prove” ownership, they open the door to risk — data leaks, surveillance, insider threats, and future exploitation. The traditional security model assumes “trust and verify.” But the world has changed. The next wave of security infrastructure is “don’t…

1. A New Age of Data: The Birth of Digital Immortality Every moment we live, we generate data — from financial transactions and health records to conversations and creative works. This ever-growing digital footprint outlives us, shaping how societies, governments, and corporations understand and influence the world. The concept of Data Immortality refers to…

Introduction: The Quantum Threat to Today’s Encryption For decades, digital security has relied on mathematical problems so complex that even the fastest classical computers struggle to solve them. But quantum computing changes everything. Algorithms like Shor’s and Grover’s can, in theory, break RSA, ECC, and other public-key systems that form the backbone of modern…

While flash drives, external hard disks, and other physical file storage devices have long served as reliable companions for data backup and transfer, they come with significant limitations in today’s fast-evolving digital landscape. Despite their convenience and portability, these hardware-based solutions present challenges in security, durability, scalability, and sustainability that make them increasingly obsolete…

Introduction The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Commerce, founded in 1901. Its original mission was to promote innovation, industrial competitiveness, and technological progress by creating measurement standards. Over time, as digital technologies and cyber threats became central to modern life, NIST took on…