
Introduction For decades, global trade has relied on an intricate network of ports, shipping companies, warehouses, railways, trucking fleets, and distribution centers. More than 80% of international trade by volume moves through maritime shipping, making ports one of the most critical infrastructures in the global economy. Yet despite advances in automation, many ports still…

1. Introduction: Why Supply Chains Need AI Supply chains are no longer simple systems of moving products from one place to another. They are complex networks of suppliers, factories, warehouses, logistics providers, distributors, retailers, and customers. Every small delay, price change, shortage, or demand shift can affect the entire chain. Artificial Intelligence can help…